Animal studies support a cancer-promoting role for fat, and in humans, epidemiological data strongly suggest that dietary fat intake may be associated with incidence and mortality of cancers of the breast, colon, rectum, and prostate. There are also data implicating fat in cancers of the ovaries, uterus, pancreas, and lung, but the evidence is not as strong. There is still a debate as to whether it is total dietary fat, specific fats, or total calories that are involved in carcinogenesis. In any event, cancers of breast, colon, and prostate are highest in North America and western Europe and lowest in Asia, and are directly related to the intake of total fat in the diet even when adjusted for total calories. (more…)
Cancer occurrence rates in a period of time for a given population is expressed in various ways. The incidence rate is a direct mea ...
Potential benefits of T treatment in older men must be weighed against risks of adverse effects. In young hypogonadal men, physiolo ...
Not all body fat is equally bad for your health. It is widely known that body fat distribution is extremely important. Ther ...
Everybody wants to stay healthy at any age, but this is something we wanted to have over a lifetime. But you can still begin ap ...
A single drug can shrink or cure human breast, ovary, colon, bladder, brain, liver, and prostate tumors that have been transplanted ...
The classical view of carcinogenesis was that it was a two-‘hit’ process – initiation (genetic) and promotion (epigenetic). However, this is too simplistic for definition of carcinogenesis and it is now realized that there may be six or more independent genetic mutational events. The newer theory of carcinogenesis is that it is a multistage process driven by both genetic damage (initiation) and other cellular changes (promotion). Tumor initiation begins in cells through genetic mutations that may be caused by chemical carcinogens, viruses, and physical agents. (more…)
The sequencing of the human genome was begun in 1990 and completed in 2003. The International Human Genome Sequencing Consortiu ...
Cancer Genetic Markers Of Susceptibility is based after populations in the NCI Cohort Range in addition to collaborative case-c ...
Oncogenes are damaged versions of normal genes (‘proto-oncogenes’) that control cell growth and differentiation. It is importan ...
Growth factors are proteins that regulate the cell; they function by binding to specific receptor molecules in the cell membran ...
Much of cell death is genetically programmed by the process called apoptosis. In apoptosis, when the cell is damaged, the DNA i ...
Most older adults adapt successfully to the multiple developmental and social changes and late life depression that are common in late life. For those who experience distress or develop psychological symptoms, Cognitive-behavioral therapy offers an ideal treatment modality. The emphasis in cognitive-behavioral therapy on the acquisition of coping skills provides older adults with concrete strategies for dealing with areas of problematic adjustment. (more…)
Abuse of drugs and alcohol is not uncommon among the elderly. The high rate of prescribed medication use, increased physiologic ...
Cognitive-behavioral interventions approaches to managing the distress associated with physical/somatic complaints problems sho ...
Depression is the most common mental health problem in the elderly. While the incidence in community-dwelling older adults is n ...
Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions Research documenting the efficacy of Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions in treating the psyc ...
Multiple losses are common as people age, including deaths of spouse, family, and friends. A less obvious form of loss involves ...
Depression is the most common mental health problem in the elderly. While the incidence in community-dwelling older adults is no higher than in the general population, the risk increases significantly with medical illness or institutionalization. Depression is probably the best researched of the psychiatric disorders in the elderly, with epidemiological evidence indicating that older adults have the highest suicide rate of any age group (one-fourth of all suicides are carried out by persons age 60 or older by taking sleeping pills suicide). (more…)
Research indicates that anxiety symptoms are more prevalent in elderly people than in any other age group, occurring at about t ...
Abuse of drugs and alcohol is not uncommon among the elderly. The high rate of prescribed medication use, increased physiologic ...
Most older adults adapt successfully to the multiple developmental and social changes and late life depression that are common ...
It is estimated that about 6 million Americans over 65 suffer from depression in late life. The sad reality is that 10% are loo ...
Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions Research documenting the efficacy of Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions in treating the psyc ...
Beneficiaries of the Medicare program have three rehabilitation-related benefits established by federal statute: physical therapy rehabilitation, occupational therapy, and speech-language therapy (speech-language pathology). All therapists, who must be graduates of accredited programs, must pass a national examination and be licensed, certified, or registered in their respective professions within the state in which the services are furnished. Medicare covers services that are necessary and likely to result in improvement in a reasonable period of time. Medicare does not currently regard prevention services provided by therapists as falling under therapy benefits and will not cover services intended to maintain a current level of function. (more…)
The overarching goal of physical therapy rehabilitation is to return the individual to as close to the premorbid level of funct ...
Australia’s health policy is funded and delivered by several levels of government and is supported by private health insurance arra ...
Adult Day Care Services Programs are day programs for adults care community groups that provide services outside during the day ...
New Zealand also initiated an Older Peoples Health Strategy with the following eight objectives: • Older people, their families ...
The proportion of elderly at any age without any chronic conditions is small, and disease can trigger a cascade of events res ...
” class=”index-image” width=”120″ />
The proportion of elderly at any age without any chronic conditions is small, and disease can trigger a cascade of events resulting in functional deficits and disability. An increase in the number of activities with which an elder has difficulty increases linearly with comorbidity, that is, coexistent medical conditions that further complicate not only the genesis of a functional deficit but also its treatment. For example, rehabilitation for a stroke for an individual who also has painful, degenerative changes in the foot and a low tolerance for stressful activity secondary to angina with exertion would present a particular rehabilitation challenge. Yet, this example encapsulates geriatric rehabilitation specialist’s emphasis on care and function, not cure and disease. (more…)
The overarching goal of physical therapy rehabilitation is to return the individual to as close to the premorbid level of funct ...
There are numerous basic Activities of Daily Living instruments that seek to quantify basic physical functions and obtain a numeric ...
Beneficiaries of the Medicare program have three rehabilitation-related benefits established by federal statute: physical thera ...
Most older adults adapt successfully to the multiple developmental and social changes and late life depression that are common ...
There are a number of issues that must be considered in geriatric pain assessment. The major issues that merit attention are pr ...
Aging begins before we are born, is a lifelong process and continues throughout life. Throughout the life course, differing life experiences influence our capabilities and well-being in our later years. The functional capacity of our biological systems increases during the first years of life, reaches its peak in early adult-hood and naturally declines thereafter. Throughout most countries (but not all), persons experience a long childhood and a long old age. These two lengthy developmental spans have provided great utility. Throughout history, it has enabled older persons to educate the younger and pass on values to them. (more…)
Social cognitions involve thoughts about others and thoughts about the self in relationship to others. When we consider cognitive a ...
The population of man aged over 65 will exceed the number of children under 5 years old in 2040, for the first time in history, ...
Aging is not only about old age. This is an ongoing process which will define the stages of biological, psychological and socia ...
The term education describes the process of acquiring abilities, skills, experiences, and knowledge systems as well as the resu ...
There are differences on what exactly contribute to quality of life on a personal level from person to person. Although many ol ...
Compulsive hoarding disorder consists of three components: acquiring a large number of possessions, storing of items and not discarding unused objects, and keeping or storing them in such a way that it interferes with daily living, with possible severe neglect of living space. This behavior was first described in 1975 in a sample of 30 individuals, all of whom were elderly and demonstrated extreme neglect of their home, appearance, and health, and was termed Diogenes syndrome. (more…)
Only about 5–12% of people attending specialty Obsessive Compulsive Disorders OCD clinics are 60 years or older. However, OCD i ...
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common neuropsychiatric condition that is frequently unrecognized and untreated, resul ...
Because there are no placebo-controlled treatment studies of Obsessive Compulsive Disorders in elderly, Obsessive Compulsive Di ...
Research indicates that anxiety symptoms are more prevalent in elderly people than in any other age group, occurring at about t ...
Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions Research documenting the efficacy of Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions in treating the psyc ...
Several clinical tools are available for identification of patients at risk of cardiac arrhythmias or its consequences that may benefit from interventions to reduce morbidity and risk of sudden death. These include noninvasive tests, such as a standard (more…)
Results from several recently completed trials have important implications for the primary prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death Preve ...
Supraventricular Tachyarrhythmia The principles of drug and non-drug management of supraventricular tachyarrhythmia (SVT) are si ...
Aging is associated with progressive fibrosis of the sinoatrial node and AV conduction system, resulting in bradycardia, which may ...
In older patients without apparent cardiovascular disease, the number of cardiac myocytes declines, while residual myocytes enlarge ...
Carotid sinus hypersensitivity ( more than 3-second pause or a decrease in systolic blood pressure = 50 mm Hg during carotid sinus ...
Carotid sinus hypersensitivity ( more than 3-second pause or a decrease in systolic blood pressure = 50 mm Hg during carotid sinus massage) predominantly affects elderly patients, although the prevalence in the general population has not been precisely defined. In elderly patients with recurrent syncope, carotid sinus hypersensitivity has been reported in up to 35% of cases. Permanent pacing in patients with carotid sinus syndrome (carotid sinus hypersensitivity associated with syncope) is indicated. Observational and randomized studies have shown that recurrent symptoms are significantly reduced after permanent pacemaker implantation in patients with carotid sinus syndrome. (more…)
Neurocardiogenic Vasovagal syncope is more common in younger patients but also should be considered in elderly patients with unexpl ...
Aging is associated with progressive fibrosis of the sinoatrial node and AV conduction system, resulting in bradycardia, which may ...
Pacemaker therapy is indicated in patients with symptomatic bradycardia (syncope, presyncope, dyspnea, and exercise intolerance) co ...
There are intrinsic changes in the cardiac pacemaker cells and the cardiac conduction system associated with aging, which increase ...
Results from several recently completed trials have important implications for the primary prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death Preve ...